Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, has released the latest blog "Multi-Dimensional Gas Pricing". It mentions that Gas integrates multiple types of "efforts", mainly including: raw calculations (such as ADD, MULTIPLY), read and write Ethereum storage (such as SSTORE, SLOAD, ETH transfer), data bandwidth, and the cost of generating ZK-SNARK proof for block generation. EIP-4844 introduced multi-dimensional pricing for the first time in Ethereum, adding a dedicated Blob data area with its own price and limit. This improvement reduces the cost of Rollup by 100 times, increases transaction volume by more than 3 times, and only slightly increases the theoretical maximum block size. In addition, Vitalik has proposed two solutions for implementing multi-dimensional gas pricing:1. The simpler one is to set the resource upper limit for each transaction, that is, the gas for each transaction is priced based on the larger value of the consumed data and computing resources, as suggested by EIP-7623.2. The ideal but more complex solution is to establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for each type of resource similar to EIP-1559. Vitalik emphasized that introducing multi-dimensional gas execution will bring some complexity at the EVM level, but this trade-off is worth it for safely improving the scalability of Ethereum L1. The community still needs to further explore more elegant designs in terms of economic feasibility and development friendliness of the solution.