the use of cryptocurrency will be most common among "underbanked" households in 2023, who use checks or non-bank loans to meet their banking needs. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) surveyed about 60,000 households and found that 6.2% of underbanked households use cryptocurrency, while only 4.8% of households with fully functioning bank accounts use cryptocurrency. Underbanked households are those who have bank accounts but also use non-bank financial services such as payday loans and check cashing. Last year, about 14.2% of American households (about 19 million) were considered underbanked.

Younger, more educated families, Asian and white families, and families with longer job tenures also have higher rates of cryptocurrency use. There are also differences in income levels, with 7.3% of households with incomes of $75,000 or more using cryptocurrency, while only 1.1% of households with incomes below $15,000 do. Among all households using cryptocurrency, the vast majority hold digital assets as investments, with only 4.4% using cryptocurrency for online shopping.