The future of finance will be bank-free, Bernstein said in a research report Friday. Banks will still exist, but in the background as “custodians of old wealth.”

A revival of decentralized finance (DeFi) is in the works, one that is “far more sustainable, scalable, transparent and with improving token economics,” the report said. DeFi is an umbrella term for a variety of financial applications carried out on a blockchain.

Bernstein estimates that by 2028, bank-free DeFi will have revenue of $40 billion and total assets will grow to $1 trillion from about $65 billion now. It forecasts $5 trillion in assets over the next decade due to rapid adoption.

The next generation of DeFi will be built on a layer 2 that is scalable with 95% lower transaction costs and products that generate real revenue and sustainable yields rather than being driven by token incentives, the note said.

(By Will Canny)