A Bitcoin developer named Robin Linus has proposed a new system called BitVM that enables Turing-complete Bitcoin contracts without altering Bitcoin's consensus rules. This system allows for more expressive off-chain smart contracts on Bitcoin without requiring a soft fork. BitVM's architecture is based on fraud proofs and a challenge-response model, and it enables the computation of a variety of interesting applications, such as games like Chess, Go, or Poker, and verification of validity proofs in Bitcoin contracts. However, the model is limited to a two-party setting with a prover and a verifier, and a significant amount of off-chain computation and communication is required to execute programs.
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